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Roscoe Conkling "Fatty" Arbuckle
(March 24, 1887 – June 29, 1933) was an
American
silent film
actor,
comedian,
director,
and
screenwriter.
Starting at the
Selig Polyscope Company
he eventually moved to
Keystone Studios
where he worked with
Mabel Normand
and
Harold Lloyd.
He mentored
Charlie Chaplin
and discovered
Buster Keaton
and
Bob Hope.
He was one of the most popular stars of the 1910s, and soon became one
of the highest paid, signing a contract to make $1 million a year in
1918.
In 1921 Arbuckle threw a party during
Labor Day
weekend.
Bit player
Virginia Rappe
became ill at the party and died days later. Soon Arbuckle was accused
of raping and accidentally killing Rappe, enduring three widely
publicized
manslaughter
trials. His films were banned, his career was ruined, and he was
publicly ostracized. Though he was acquitted by a jury and received a
written apology, the trial's scandal has mostly overshadowed his
legacy as a pioneering comedian. Though the ban on his films was
eventually lifted, Arbuckle only worked sparingly through the 1920s.
Arbuckle who gave Bob Hope
his big break in show business. While in Cleveland in 1927, Arbuckle
allowed Hope to be the opening act in his comedy show. Roscoe then
gave Hope
names and numbers of friends in Hollywood, and told Bob to go west. It
time, Hope
did just that. In 1932 he
began a successful comeback, which he briefly enjoyed before his death
in 1933.It was Roscoe
In 1932 Arbuckle signed a contract
with
Warner Brothers
to star under his own name in a series of two-reel comedies, to be
filmed at the
Vitaphone
studios in
Brooklyn.
These six shorts constitute the only recordings of his voice.
Silent-film comedian
Al St. John
(Arbuckle's nephew) and actors
Lionel Stander
and
Shemp Howard
appeared with Arbuckle. The films were very successful in America,
although when Warner Brothers attempted to release the first one (Hey,
Pop!) in the
United Kingdom,
the
British Board of Film Censors
cited the 10-year-old scandal and refused to grant an exhibition
certificate.
Roscoe had a superb singing
voice. Enrico Caruso demanded to hear Arbuckle's tenor voice, and was
so impressed, he demanded Roscoe leave the movies to begin an opera
career!
Roscoe hated the nickname
"Fatty." It was for professional purposes only. Friends never used it,
only strangers who didn't know better. His response was quiet, "I've
got a name, you know."
Fans also called Roscoe "The Prince of Whales," and "The Balloonatic."
In 1923, Keaton used the latter name for one of his comedies.
Alice Lake called him Arbie. To Mabel Normand he was Big Otto, after
an elephant in the Selig Studio Zoo near Keystone. Buster Keaton
called him Chief. Fred Mace called him Crab. And for some unexplained
reason fellow comic Charlie Murray referred to him as My Child the
Fat. His three wives always called him Roscoe. The name, Fatty, was
hung on him in elementary school. "It was inevitable," he said. He
weighed 175-185 when he was 12, not much less when he was ten.
Roscoe Arbuckle had finished filming
the last of the two-reelers on June 28, 1933. The next day he was
signed by
Warner Brothers
to make a feature-length film. He reportedly said, "This is the best
day of my life." He suffered a
heart attack later that night and died in his sleep. He
was only 46. Arbuckle was cremated, and his ashes scattered in the
Pacific Ocean.
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